An Updated Review of Crohn's Disease

Abstract

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its increasing incidence and prevalence worldwide underscore the significance of understanding its epidemiology and implications on public health. CD imposes a substantial burden on affected individuals, causing recurrent symptoms, complications, and reduced quality of life.

The theoretical framework of CD encompasses its definition, surgical treatment options, and potential complications. Surgical intervention remains a crucial aspect of disease management, with a majority of CD patients requiring surgery at some point during their lifetime. Bowel resection and strictureplasty are commonly employed surgical techniques to address strictures and complications, aiming to preserve intestinal function and improve patient outcomes.

Complications, including disease recurrence and postoperative complications, pose challenges in the management of CD. Long-term follow-up and collaboration between medical and surgical teams are essential for optimizing patient care and outcomes.

The discussion emphasizes the multidisciplinary approach to CD management, involving gastroenterologists, surgeons, and nutritionists. Minimally invasive techniques and enhanced recovery protocols have improved patient experiences and outcomes.

Future research aims to enhance disease understanding, identify biomarkers for disease activity, and explore novel therapeutic targets to improve outcomes and quality of life for patients with CD.

In conclusion, CD represents a complex and challenging inflammatory bowel disease with significant implications for patients and healthcare systems. By integrating the theoretical framework, surgical management, and ongoing research efforts, healthcare professionals can optimize CD management and enhance patient outcomes.