Small Cell Lung Cancer with Metastasis to the Central Nervous System in Secondary Care. Case Report

Abstract

Neuroendocrine tumors represent approximately 20% of lung cancers; most are small cell lung cancer. The WHO classification system is used to classify lung tumors. In cases where there are clinical manifestations, these will depend on the location, size and perilesional edema generated by the metastases. A 78-year-old male who presented sudden right hemiplegia and bradylalia. A simple tomography of the skull was performed where hyperdense lesions were identified in two different regions, with well-defined borders and perilesional edema, for which a simple chest tomography was performed where a left lung tumor was evidenced, through bronchoscopy bronchoalveolar lavage was performed, which reported small cells. with data suggestive of small cell carcinoma with metastasis to the central nervous system. Small cell lung cancer is the most aggressive form of lung cancer. Although characterized by rapid responses to chemotherapy and sensitivity to radiation therapy, due to early resistance to treatment, the 5-year overall survival is <10%. Clinical suspicion from the second level of care allows us to focus on a more effective diagnostic protocol.