Comparative Analysis of Incisional Wound Closure Techniques in Plastic Surgery Practice Between Single Subcutaneous/Subdermal Continuous Polyglactin Suturing Versus Layer-By-Layer Continuous Suturing with Polyglactin Subcutaneous Suturing and Polypropylene Interrupted Skin Suturing: A Comprehensive Literature Review
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: Wound closure technique has some variations in reconstructive and plastic surgery. The use of ideal suture material and technique for subcutaneous tissue closure is needed to be established in the current clinical practice to enhance the surgical outcome.
Methods: This literature review was compiled using information from numerous open access web databases. Data were compiled and analyzed.
Results and Discussions: In term of tensile strength, single layer subcutaneous suture with polyglactin has superior outcome than multi-layer suture combining polyglactin subcutaneous suture and polypropylene interrupted cutaneous suture. In aesthetic consideration, a single-layer subcutaneous closure has better outcome. Previous studies showed there were no significant difference between the two techniques in term of patients satisfaction.
Conclusion: The single layer subcutaneous continuous suture with polyglactin and multiple layer subcutaneous suture with combining continuous polyglactin suture and polypropylene interrupted suture has each advantage and need to be considered by surgeon about the wound closure effect and long term prognostic such as cosmetic and satisfaction of the patient.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Simman R. Wound closure and the reconstructive ladder in plastic surgery. journal of the american college of certified wound specialists. 2009;1(1):6-11. doi:10.1016/j.jcws.2008.10.003.
Huang Y. A Comparison of the Properties and Performance of Polyvinylidene Fluoride and Polypropylene Barbed Sutures in Tendon Repair. Master’s Thesis, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA, 2017.
Janis J, Harrison B. Wound healing: part II. Clinical applications. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2014;133:383e‐392e. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000000077.
Shin TM, Bordeaux JS. How suture technique affects the cosmetic outcome of cutaneous repairs. J Drugs Dermatol. 2014;13:967‐969.
Ramalingappa P, Shivaramegowda R, Holavanahalli SrinivasaMurthy S. Optimizing techniques and suture materials for caesarean section. Curr Top Caesarean Sect. 2021;1–39. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.97930.
Abby SN, Biton A, Topaz M. The subcutaneous loop: a single suture technique for skin closure after superficial and subcutaneous surgery. J Drugs Derm. 2006:960-961.
Gaspar FJL, Hensler M, Vester-Glowinski PV, Jensen KK. Skin closure following abdominal wall reconstruction: three-layer skin suture versus staples. 2022;56(6):342-347.
Ireton JE, Unger JG, Rohrich RJ. The role of wound healing and its everyday application in plastic surgery: a practical perspective and systematic review. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2013;1(1):e10-e19. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0b013e31828ff9f4. PMID: 25289204; PMCID: PMC4174176.
AlSarhan MA. A systematic review of the tensile strength of surgical sutures. j biomater tissue eng. 2019;9:1-10. doi:10.1166/jbt.2019.2177.
Luo W, Tao Y, Wang Y, Ouyang Z, Huang J, Long X. Comparing running vs interrupted sutures for skin closure: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Wound J. 2023;20(1):210-220. doi: 10.1111/iwj.13863. Epub 2022 Jun 17. PMID: 35715955; PMCID: PMC9797933.
Ojastha BL, Jeevitha M. An evaluation of the tensile strength of polyglactin sutures after immersion in different herbal mouthwashes: an in vitro study. cureus. 2023;15(8):e43407. doi: 10.7759/cureus.43407. PMID: 37706141; PMCID: PMC10496728.
Anushya P, Ganesh SB, Jayalakshmi S. Evaluation of tensile strength of surgical absorbable and nonabsorbable suture materials after immersion in different fruit juices: An in vitro study. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2022;13(Suppl 1):S108-S111. doi: 10.4103/japtr.japtr_267_22. Epub 2022 Nov 30. PMID: 36643124; PMCID: PMC9836114.
Kudur MH, Pal SB, Sripathi H, Prabhu S. Sutures and suturing techniques in skin closure utures and suturing techniques in skin closure. Indina J Dermatol Venereol. 2009;75(4):425-434.
Al-Mubarak L, Al-Haddab M. Cutaneous wound closure materials: an overview and update. J Cutan Aesthet Surg. 2013;6(4):178-188. doi: 10.4103/0974-2077.123395. PMID: 24470712; PMCID: PMC3884880.
Chatterjee, Shamita & Basu, Arghya. Methods of retaining the suture in a sub-cuticular stitch using non absorbable suture – innovations and diversity of techniques. Indian Journal of Surgery. 2013;75. 10.1007/s12262-012-0477-9.
Dennis, C.; Sethu, S.; Nayak, S.; Mohan, L.; Morsi, Y.; Manivasagam, G. Suture materials—current and emerging trends. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A. 2016;104: 1544–1559.
Li J, Guan S, Su J, Liang J, Cui L, Zhang K. The development of hyaluronic acids used for skin tissue regeneration. Curr. Drug Deliv. 2021;18:836–846.
Miriam B, Al A. The Surgical Suture. Aesthetic Surgery Journal. 2019;39 (Supp 2):S67–S72.
Polykandriotis E, Daenicke J, Bolat A, Gruner J, Schubert DW, Horch RE. Individualized wound closure—mechanical properties of suture materials. Journal of Personalized Medicine. 2022;12(7);1-12. doi:10.3390/jpm12071041.
Ignacio J, Elguea-Lizarraga O. Biomechanical evaluation of suture materials used for abdominal fascial closure. Mater. Res. Express. 2021;8. doi: 10.1088/2053-1591/ac1002.
Noel D, Patrick B, Michael K, Schmidt K, Cooke F, Neary P, Michael B, Reynolds J. Prophylactic negative wound therapy in laparotomy wounds (PROPEL trial): randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Colorectal Disease. 2019;34. 10.1007/s00384-019-03398-9.
Helmy M, El Khouly N, M ES. Effect of closure of subcutaneous tissue at cesarean section on wound complications and cosmesis Full Text Introduction. Menoufia Med J. 2022;35(1):250–255.
Yalçın CE, Demiröz A, Aydın Y. Tying knots between wound closure materials. Cerrahpaşa Med J. 2022;46(2):86-90.
Turner, R. Surgical management of acute lacerations. Australian Journal for General Practitioners. 2019;48:600-603.
Nair RR, Achari SL, Sharma R, Thomas P, R PR. Essential and fundamental surgical suture techniques for aseptic rodent surgery. ChemRxiv. Cambridge: Cambridge Open Engage; 2023.
Ethicon Wound Closure Manual. 2021. Ethicon, Inc.
Lin RL, Wu EM, Hale EK. Use of a buried intradermal (subcutaneous) running suture for superficial repair to optimize cosmetic outcome. J Drugs Dermatol. 2019;18(5):481-482. PMID: 31141859.
Wiebe N, Fiest KM, DykemanJ, et al. Patient satisfaction with care in epilepsy: How much do we know? Epilepsia. 2014; 55(3): 448-455. doi: 10.1111/epi.12537.
Paul MD. Barbed sutures in aesthetic plastic surgery: evolution of thought and process. Aesthet Surg J. 2013;33(3 Suppl):17S-31S. doi: 10.1177/1090820X13499343. PMID: 24084876.
Bharathi A, Reddy DB, Kote GS. A prospective randomized comparative study of vicryl rapide versus chromic catgut for episiotomy repair. J Clin Diagn Res. 2013;7(2):326-30. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2013/5185.2758. Epub 2012 Dec 24. PMID: 23543639; PMCID: PMC3592303.
Pooja T, Shweta M, Gunjan B. A comparative study of subcuticular and interrupted stitches for episiotomy. IJRCOG. 2018;7. doi:10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20184976.
José MSM, Xavier BC, Conceição FS, Mendes IO. The influence of the type of surgical thread and suture in the open carpal tunnel syndrome surgery. Arq Bras Neurocir. 2019;38:292–296.
Hasdemir PS, Guvenal T, Ozcakir HT, Koyuncu FM, Dinc Horasan G, Erkan M, Oruc Koltan S. Comparison of subcuticular suture materials in cesarean skin closure. Surg Res Pract. 2015;2015:141203. doi: 10.1155/2015/141203. Epub 2015 Aug 27. PMID: 26413566; PMCID: PMC4564673.
Azmat CE, Council M. Wound Closure Techniques. [Updated 2023 Jun 26]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470598/.