Cutaneous lupus subtypes
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Abstract
A broad spectrum of dermatologic manifestations, known as cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), may or may not be linked to the development of systemic disease. There are numerous subtypes of cutaneous lupus, such as acute cutaneous lupus (ACLE), subacute cutaneous lupus (SCLE), and chronic cutaneous lupus (CCLE). CCLE encompasses lupus tumidus, chilblain cutaneous lupus, LE profundus (LEP), and discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE). In order to diagnose these diseases, it is necessary to accurately classify the subtype. This is achieved through a combination of physical examination, laboratory studies, histology, antibody serology, and occasionally direct immunofluorescence, while also excluding systemic disease. The treatment of cutaneous lupus involves the provision of appropriate topical and systemic agents, as well as patient education regarding solar protection. In cases where the disease is pervasive, scarring, or treatment-refractory, systemic agents are recommended. In this chapter, we address the classification and diagnosis of the diverse subtypes of CLE and offer a comprehensive update on therapeutic management.
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