Sub-Acute Sclerosing Panencephalitis at University Hospital of Constantine
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Abstract
Introduction Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a serious, late complication of measles, and the prognosis remains poor in the absence of effective treatment, underscoring the role of vaccination in its prevention.
Objectives We describe the clinicobiological and evolutionary profile of 16 patients recruited from the B chu de Constantine pediatric department.
Patients and methods Study of16 cases: epidemiological, clinical, EEG, biological and evolutionary profile.
Results16 cases of SSPE were collected, 75% were male, 70% were aged between 24 and 59 months, almost all patients had had measles, 98% within the first 24 months of life, 93% had not been vaccinated against measles, SSPE occurred in more than 50% of cases between 24 and 48 months after measles, all had received treatment (100% corticosteroids and immunoglobulins), 87% antiepileptics and 25% rituximab, the course was characterized by stabilization: 27%, death: 33% deterioration:40% of cases.
Comments and discussion SSPE is a rare complication occurring a few years after recovery from measles Almost all our patients had not been vaccinated against measles.
in our patients, the median age at onset of SSPE was 4.5 years This earlier onset of SSPE in recent studies than reported in older studies suggests early onset of measles, viral mutation or a fragile immune system.
Almost all patients were unvaccinated against measles; 40% of patients died, 31% worsened (stage IV) and 37% stabilized.
Conclusion Given the poor prognosis of SSPE, the best way to control this disease is to vaccinate the target population against measles.
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