Hospital Acquired Infections during Patient Incubation at Tertiary Care Hospital of Northern India

Abstract

Health care associated infection (HAI) can be defined as an infection acquired in hospital by a patient who was admitted for a reason other than that of infection or an infection occurring in a patient in the hospital or other health care facility in whom the infection was not present or incubating at the time of admission. Infections occurring more than 48 hours after admission is considered as HAI. Bacteria, fungi, viruses, or other, less common pathogens can cause HAIs. Patients being susceptible to common infections due to diminished immune responses and infections at surgery sites (SSIs), many HAIs are due to implants and prostheses. These include central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs), catheter-associated UTIs (CAUTIs), and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). This study was conducted from October 2021 to October 2022 in a tertiary care hospital. All wards of SSB Heart and Multispecialty Hospital were included. The incidence, prevalence and risk factors of healthcare associated infection were determined and analyzed. The specimens were processed by standard microbiological methods to isolate and identify etiology. Clinical and laboratory data were collected using structured case report formats. HAIs (CAUTI, CLABSI, VAP, SSI) data from the month of October 2021 to October 2022 has been described in Table 1 to Table 5. In a period of one year a total of 5 cases of Ventilator associated pneumonia from 1124 ventilator days and 7 cases of CAUTI out of which 4731 catheter days. Highest incidence of HAI were 10 cases of CLABSI out of which 1421 central line days in a year and lowest HAI was 1 case of SSI in 3853 days of patients susceptible to SSI in a year. This study reveled that infections rate were very less in ICU because of patient care and well mange infection rate and well defined infection guidelines at SSB Heart and Multispecialty hospital, Faridabad.