Basal Cell Carcinoma Treatment Options and Reconstructive Surgery

Abstract

Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs), a kind of skin cancer, can result in substantial harm to a specific area. They are the most common type of cancer in Western countries. There is a possibility of experiencing this condition at some point in one's life, with a maximum occurrence rate of 39%. UV exposure is the most common risk factor. The majority of these tumors are seen in the craniofacial area. While basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) are frequently non-cancerous, their high prevalence means that treating them substantially increases the burden on the healthcare system, which is already overwhelmed. It is crucial to possess a comprehensive understanding of the many prospective options available to you. Several factors, including the patient's age, comorbidities, the location and subtype of the lesion, among others, might influence the decisions made about treatment. The treatment options for basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) on the face may vary significantly compared to those for BCCs occurring in other areas, primarily because achieving a positive esthetic outcome and complete cure are of utmost importance. Obtaining high-quality randomized controlled trials that compare various treatment modalities is challenging. Although conventional excision has traditionally been the favored treatment method, there are currently several other options available. These include radiation, cryosurgery, curettage and cautery, Mohs micrographic surgery, topical imiquimod, photodynamic therapy, and topical 5-fluorouracil. We review and assess the data and literature that supports the existing array of treatment choices for face basal cell carcinoma (BCC).