The Effect of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) on Hb and VEGF Levels in Lung Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy at Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, East Java
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Abstract
Background: Studies show that the cytotoxic effect of black cumin seed extract and oil can reduce the viability of lung cancer cells including VEGF and increase the Hb of cancer patients. This study aims to compare Hb and VEGF levels between lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with black cumin (Nigella sativa) and those undergoing standard chemotherapy.
Methods: This study used a quantitative approach using the pre-post test control group design method involving 21 lung cancer patients at Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, who were observed for 9 weeks between August and November 2023. The control group included patients undergoing standard chemotherapy and the treatment group included those undergoing chemotherapy with the addition of black cumin. Examination of Hb and VEGF levels used ELISA.
Results: There were significant pre and post differences between the control and treatment after the 9-week study regarding their Hb and VEGF levels groups with a p-value of 0.021 and a p-value of 0.007, respectively.
Conclusion: The addition of black cumin for 9 weeks plays a role in preventing the decrease in Hb values and reducing VEGF levels in cancer patients receiving standard chemotherapy.
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