Hypovolemic shock Hypovolemic Shock: How Does Lactic Acid Affect the Heart?
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Abstract
Hypovolemic shock is due to a critical loss in the effective circulating blood volume with systemic hypoperfusion. If left untreated, hypovolemic shock can lead to ischemic injury of vital organs, leading to multi-system organ failure and death. Hypovolemic shock is a potentially life-threatening condition (1,2). There are five causes of hypovolemic shock: hemorrhage, trauma, surgical intervention, burns, and fluid loss caused by vomiting or diarrhea. This woman was involved in a motor vehicle accident, which resulted in a traumatic crash (2,3). This was caused by blood loss to the abdomen, as the physical examination suggested (3). Early recognition and appropriate management are essential. Hypovolemic shock results from depletion of intravascular volume, whether by extracellular fluid loss or blood loss (1,2). The pre-shock stage is characterized by compensatory mechanisms with increased sympathetic tone resulting in increased heart rate, increased cardiac contractility, and peripheral vasoconstriction (2,3).
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