Effectiveness of Electronic Cigarettes in Smoking Cessation
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Numerous investigations have been carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of electronic cigarettes in aiding individuals to quit smoking and to ascertain the security and feasibility of utilizing them as an alternative to traditional tobacco cigarettes. Research expenditures must be allocated significantly to the product's evaluation in order to perform an exhaustive examination of its usage prevalence, which includes its use as a smoking cessation tool as well as its adoption as a regular smoking behavior.
Methods: The current cross-sectional study was conducted at King Abdulaziz University's Faculty of Medicine in the first few months of 2022. There were 263 students that participated in the study in total. In the previous study, the researchers used an anonymous, standardized questionnaire, which they confirmed and put into practice. The concept was assessed and put to the test using statistical analysis using "IBM SPSS Statistics version 20.0."
Results: The study included a sample of 263 students, of whom 39.1% were classified as female and 60.9% as male. 49 of the 133 pupils in total were determined to have smoked in the past, while the remaining 86 were smokers currently. Regarding the sort of smoking habit used, it was discovered that 23 people (17.3%) used tobacco cigarettes, whereas 90 people (67.7%) used e-cigarettes or vapes. Furthermore, twenty people (15%) disclosed using other tobacco products. Of those who smoke, 36.1% use electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, to cut back on tobacco use. There was a statistically significant link (P<0.05) found between the individuals' marital status and academic year and their regular use of e-cigarettes or vape.
Conclusion: The current study found that among a cohort of medical students who successfully quit smoking through its implementation, the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) or vaping is a contributing factor in their success. Moreover, it is considered a transitional strategy for individuals who want to cut back on their total tobacco consumption.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
I. Adriaens K, Gucht DV, Declerck P, Baeyens F. Effectiveness of the electronic cigarette: An eight-week Flemish study with six-month follow-up on smoking reduction, craving and experienced benefits and complaints. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2014; 11(11):11220–48.
II. Alkhalaf M, Suwyadi A, Alshamakhi E, Oribi H, Theyab Z, Sumayli I. Determinants and prevalence of tobacco smoking among medical students at Jazan University, Saudi Arabia. J Smok Cessat 2021; 2021:1–5.
III. Eidib R, Suzumura EA, Akl EA, Gomaa H, Agarwal A, Chang Y. Electronic nicotine delivery systems and/or electronic non-nicotine delivery systems for tobacco smoking cessation or reduction: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2017; 7(2):5–7.
IV. Gotts JE, Jordt SE, Mcconnell R, Tarran R. What are the respiratory effects of E-cigarettes? BMJ 2019; 366:1–16.
V. Grabovac I, Oberndorfer M, Fischer J, Wiesinger W, Haider S, Dorner TE. Effectiveness of electronic cigarettes in smoking cessation: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nicotine Tob Res 2021; 23(4):625–34.
VI. Hajek P, Phillips-Waller A, Przulj D, Pesola F, Smith KM, Bisal N. A randomized trial of E-cigarettes versus nicotine replacement therapy. N Engl J Med 2019; 380(7):629–37.
VII. Hartmann BJ, Mc-Robbie H, Bullen C, Begh R, Stead L, Hajek P. Electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation: Intervention review. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016; CD 010216(9):1–85.
VIII. Jayes L, Haslam PL, Gratziou CG, Powell P, Britton J, Vardavas C. SmokeHaz: Systematic reviews and meta- analyses of the effects of smoking on respiratory health. Chest 2016; 150(1):164–79.
IX. Kalkhoran S, Glantz SA. E-cigarettes and smoking cessation in real-world and clinical settings: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Respir Med 2016; 4(2):116–28.
X. Kalkhoran S, Glantz SA. Modeling the health effects of expanding E-cigarette sales in the United States and United Kingdom: A Monte Carlo analysis. J Am Med Assoc Intern Med 2015; 175(10):1671–80.
XI. Khani Y, Pourgholam-Amiji N, Afshar M, Otroshi O, Sharifi-Esfahani M, Sadeghi-Gandomani H. Tobacco smoking and cancer types: A review. Biomed Res Ther 2018; 5(4):2142–59.
XII. Khoudigian S, Devji T, Lytvyn L, Campbell K, Hopkins R, Reilly DO. The efficacy and short-term effects of electronic cigarettes as a method for smoking cessation: A systematic review and a meta-analysis. Int J Public Health 2016; 61(2):2 57–67.
XIII. Lee SH, Ahn SH, Cheong YS. Effect of electronic cigarettes on smoking reduction and cessation in Korean male smokers: A randomized controlled study. J Am Board Fam Med 2019; 32(4):567–74.
XIV. Li J, Hajek P, Pesola F, Wu Q, Phillips-Waller A, Przulj D. Cost-effectiveness of E-cigarettes compared with nicotine replacement therapy in stop smoking services in England (TEC study): A randomized controlled trial. Addiction 2020; 115(3):507–17.
XV. Morris PB, Ference BA, Jahangir E, Feldman DN, Ryan JJ, Bahrami H. Cardiovascular effects of exposure to cigarette smoke and electronic cigarettes: Clinical perspectives from the prevention of cardio vascular disease section leadership council and early career councils of the American College of Cardiology. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015; 66(12):1378–91.
XVI. Patel M, Cuccia AF, Zhou Y, Kierstead EC, Briggs J, Schillo BA. Smoking cessation among US adults: Use of E- cigarettes, including JUUL and NRT use. Tob Control 2021; 30(6):693–5.
XVII. Pierce JP, Gilpin EA. Impact of over the counter sales on effectiveness of pharmaceutical aids for smoking cessation. J Am Med Assoc 2002; 288(10):1260–4.
XVIII. Pierce JP, Gilpin EA. Impact of over the counter sales on effectiveness of pharmaceutical aids for smoking cessation. J Am Med Assoc 2002; 288(10):1260–4.
XIX. Polosa R, Caponnetto P, Cibella F, Le-Houezec J. Quit and smoking reduction rates in vape shop consumers: Aprospective 12-month survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2015; 12(4):3428–38.
XX. Polosa R, Caponnetto P, Maglia M, Morjaria JB, Russo C. Success rates with nicotine personal vaporizers: A prospective 6-month pilot study of smokers not intending to quit. BMC Public Health 2014; 14(1):1–9.
XXI. XXI. Rahman MA, Hann N, Wilson A, Mnatzaganian G, WorrallCarter L. E-cigarettes and smoking cessation: Evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10 (3):1–16.
XXII. Siegel MB, Tanwar KL, Wood KS. Electronic cigarettes as a smoking-cessation tool: Results from an online survey. Am J Prev Med 2011; 40(4):472–5.
XXIII. Soneji S, Barrington-Trimis JL, Wills TA, Leventhal AM, Unger JB, Gibson LA. Association between initial use of Ecigarettes and subsequent cigarette smoking among adolescents and young adults a systematic review and metaanalysis. J Am Med Assoc Pediatr 2017; 171(8):788–97.
XXIV. Tseng TY, Ostroff JS, Campo A, Gerard M, Kirchner T, Rotrosen J. A randomized trial comparing the effect of nicotine versus placebo electronic cigarettes on smoking reduction among young adult smokers. Nicotine Tob Res 2016; 18(10):1937–43.
XXV. Vardavas CI, Filippidis FT, Agaku IT. Determinants and prevalence of E-cigarette use throughout the European Union: A secondary analysis of 26 566 youth and adults from 27 countries. Tob Control 2015; 24(5):442–8.
XXVI. World Health Organisation. WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco use third edition. World Health Organisation 2000; 7–10. https://www.who.int/publications/ i/item/who-global-report-on-trends-in-prevalence-of-tobacco-use-2000-2025-third-edition