Role of Tumor Suppressor Genes in Carcinogenesis: A Narrative Review
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Abstract
Oncological diseases represent a significant burden on individuals and society. Although the exact causes of cancer are not fully understood, evidence suggests that a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors contribute to its development. Methods: This narrative review explores the role of tumor suppressor genes in carcinogenesis. An exhaustive literature search was conducted in electronic databases, selecting articles focused on genetic regulation by tumor suppressor genes for analysis. These genes play a crucial role in cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, and apoptosis, with significant implications for cell function and disease development. Abnormal patterns in these genes have been associated with neurological disorders and oncological diseases. Conclusion: Understanding the role of tumor suppressor genes in carcinogenesis provides insights into disease development and progression and offers opportunities to develop potential therapeutic strategies. However, studying genetic changes in carcinogenesis presents challenges, including the complexity of gene regulation and the heterogeneity of diseases. Nonetheless, the therapeutic potential of tumor suppressor gene regulation in cancer prevention is promising, and more research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and develop safe and effective treatments.
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