COVID-19 and Diabetes Mellitus: The Mechanisms of Potentially Fatal Comorbidity

Abstract

It's known that Diabetes Mellitus (DM) can be a risky disease, full of complications if it's not controlled properly. These complications, along with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can be lethal due to suppression of innate and humoral immune functions, the hyperglycemic state increases the virulence of pathogens and reduces the production of interleukin in response to infections, which could result in an aggravation of pneumonia. Elevated blood glucose levels can directly elevate airway glucose concentrations, resulting in a higher viral load and these become more viral load and become riskier, it is also important to highlight the importance of ACE2 pulmonary disease because it causes cellular damage and rapid disease progression. It’s because of these mechanisms that DM is related to obesity, coagulopathies, thrombotic events, diabetic ketoacidosis, among others. It is necessary to have proper control of both diseases to improve the patient's quality of life and avoid a  poor prognosis. It is necessary to have proper control of both diseases to improve life quality and avoid a poor prognosis. The patient can rely on good nutritional education, diet, exercise, and adequate glucose to keep control of the disease.