Prevalence among Patients with Obesity and Glycemic Dyscontrol in Type 2 Diabetics at the Hospital Issste Irapuato Clinic
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Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by a defect in blood glucose regulation caused by alterations in pancreatic endocrine function, mainly due to a deficiency in the β-cells of the pancreatic islets that are responsible for insulin secretion, or by loss of sensitivity to this hormone in the effector tissues. Obesity is defined according to the WHO as abnormal or excessive accumulation of fat that can be harmful to health and a body mass index (BMI) > 30 - 34.9 refers to grade I obesity, > 35 - 39.9 to grade II obesity and > 40 to grade III obesity.
The main objective of this study is to know the prevalence among patients with a body mass index > 30 kg/m2 with poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetics.
Material and methods: A retrospective observational study was carried out at the Clínica Hospital ISSSTE Irapuato, which lasted eleven months, and information was obtained from the database of the Integral Management of Diabetes by Stages (MIDE) program. The sample was taken from 86 patients, in a randomized manner.
Results: 49.69% of the patients presented obesity, being the female sex and the age group > 60 years the most affected; the percentage of patients with obesity who presented glycemic dyscontrol was 45.71%, with the group > 60 years being the most prevalent.
It was observed that patients who do not present obesity have a better glycemic control in 64.70% compared to those who are obese who obtained 54.28%.
Discussion: The study sample was easily evaluated. The difficulties encountered were time and information collection, since several of the files were duplicated and the information had to be unified.
Conclusion: We confirm the hypothesis that the higher the body mass index, the higher the glycemic dyscontrol, since patients with obesity show a glycemic dyscontrol up to 10.4 times more than those with a body mass index < 30 kg/m2 .
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