A Review: Insights of Aesthetic Refinement after Bariatric Surgery and Massive Weight Loss

Article Sidebar

PDF
Published: Apr 10, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmscrs/v3-i4-16
Keywords:
obesity, bariatric surgery, body contouring surgery, excessive weight loss, gastric sleeve, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, gastric banding, liposuction, abdominoplasty, brachioplasty, thighplasty.

Main Article Content

Ahmad Fawzy
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman – Margono Soekarjo County Hospital, Indonesia
Ismiralda Oke Putranti
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman – Wijayakusuma Army Hospital, Indonesia
Myra Sylvina Amri
Department of Surgery, Mayapada Hospital Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

Obesity, defined as a condition with a body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 kg/m2, is a global epidemic. The rates of obesity have been rising in many countries, including the United States, Australia, China, and also in our country Indonesia. Bariatric surgery has seen a rise in rates worldwide in tandem with rising obesity rates in the world. Our literature review highlights the number of bariatric surgeries performed and the various procedures like gastric sleeve, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, and gastric banding, available for patients. Furthermore, our review provides insights how combining bariatric surgery with body contouring procedures such as abdominoplasties, thighplasties, mastopexies, and brachyoplasties improves quality of life.

Article Details

How to Cite
Ahmad Fawzy, Ismiralda Oke Putranti, & Myra Sylvina Amri. (2023). A Review: Insights of Aesthetic Refinement after Bariatric Surgery and Massive Weight Loss. International Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Research Studies, 3(4), 655–665. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmscrs/v3-i4-16
Issue
Vol. 3 No. 4 (2023): Volume 03 Issue 04 April 2023
Section
Articles
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

References

I. Weir CB, Jan A. BMI Classification Percentile And Cut Off Points. [Updated 2022 Jun 27]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541070/

II. Sulaiman MR. Obesitas di Indonesia Meningkat Pesat: Naik Hampir Dua Kali Lipat Dalam Waktu 11 Tahun [Internet]. suara.com. Suara.com; 2022 [cited 2022Oct4]. Available from: https://www.suara.com/health/2022/04/01/154500/obesitas-di-indonesia-meningkat-pesat-naik-hampir-dua-kali-lipat-dalam-waktu-11-tahun

III. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. Defining Adult Overweight & Obesity [Internet]. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2022 [cited 2022Oct4]. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/adult/defining.html

IV. Overweight and obesity among Australian children and adolescents, summary [Internet]. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. 2020 [cited 2023Mar30]. Available from: https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/overweight-obesity/overweight-obesity-australian-children-adolescents/summary

V. Overweight and obesity [Internet]. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. 2022 [cited 2023Mar30]. Available from: https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/australias-health/overweight-and-obesity

VI. Pan XF, Wang L, Pan A. Epidemiology and determinants of obesity in China. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2021 Jun;9(6):373-392. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-8587(21)00045-0. Erratum in: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2021 Jul;9(7):e2. PMID: 34022156.

VII. Angrisani L, Santonicola A, Iovino P, Formisano G, Buchwald H, Scopinaro N. Bariatric Surgery Worldwide 2013. Obes Surg. 2015 Oct;25(10):1822-32. DOI: 10.1007/s11695-015-1657-z. PMID: 25835983.

VIII. Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Fact Sheet 2021 [Internet]. Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Fact Sheet. 2021 [cited 2023Mar30]. Available from: https://asmbs.org/app/uploads/2021/07/Metabolic-Bariatric-Surgery-Fact-Sheet-2021.pdf

IX. American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. Estimate of bariatric surgery numbers, 2011-2020 [Internet]. Estimate of Bariatric Surgery Numbers, 2011-2020. American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery; 2022 [cited 2022Oct4]. Available from: http://asmbs.org/resources/estimate-of-bariatric-surgery-numbers

X. Hess DS, Hess DW. Biliopancreatic diversion with a duodenal switch. Obesity Surgery. 1998;8(3):267–82.

XI. Mason EE, Ito C. Gastric bypass in Obesity. Surgical Clinics of North America. 1967;47(6):1345–51.

XII. Kuzmak LI, Yap IS, McGuire L, Dixon JS, Young MP. Surgery for morbid obesity. Using an inflatable gastric band. AORN J. 1990 May;51(5):1307-24. DOI: 10.1016/s0001-2092(07)70154-0. Erratum in: AORN J 1990 Jun;51(6):1573. PMID: 2344182.

XIII. García-Caballero M, Carbajo M. One anastomosis gastric bypass: a simple, safe and efficient surgical procedure for treating morbid obesity. Nutr Hosp. 2004 Nov-Dec;19(6):372-5. PMID: 15672654.

XIV. Ohta M, Ahn SM, Seki Y, Yang W, Wong SK, Udomsawaengsup S, Hamdorf JM, Khaitan M, Kosai NR, Wang W, Lee J, Rudiman R, Wijeratne T, Oliveros E, Wang C, Kasama K. Ten Years of Change in Bariatric/Metabolic Surgery in the Asia-Pacific Region with COVID-19 Pandemic: IFSO-APC National Reports 2021. Obes Surg. 2022 Sep;32(9):2994-3004. DOI: 10.1007/s11695-022-06182-x. Epub 2022 Jun 30. PMID: 35773552; PMCID: PMC9245878.

XV. Small P, Khan O, Walton P, Mahawar K, Sgromo B, Kinsman R, et al. Third registry report - E, dendrite [Internet]. The UK National Bariatric Surgery Registry. National Bariatric Surgery Registry; 2021 [cited 2022Oct4]. Available from: http://new.e-dendrite.com/sites/default/files/2021-01/NBSR%202020.pdf

XVI. *16. Sami K, Elshahat A, Moussa M, Abbas A, Mahmoud A. Image analyzer study of the skin in patients with morbid obesity and massive weight loss. Eplasty. 2015 Jan 23;15:e4. PMID: 25671051; PMCID: PMC4311578.

XVII. Manzoni AP, Weber MB. Skin changes after bariatric surgery. An Bras Dermatol. 2015 Mar-Apr;90(2):157-66. DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20153139. PMID: 25830984; PMCID: PMC4371663.

XVIII. Gogas Yavuz D, Apaydin T, Imre E, Uygur MM, Yazici D. Skin autofluorescence and carotid intima-media thickness evaluation following bariatric surgery in patients with severe obesity. Obes Surg. 2021 Mar;31(3):1055-1061. DOI: 10.1007/s11695-020-05077-z. Epub 2020 Oct 29. PMID: 33123869.

XIX. Gallo JRB, Maschio-Signorini LB, Cabral CRB, de Campos Zuccari DAP, Nogueira ML, Bozola AR, Cury PM, Vidotto A. Skin protein profile after major weight loss and its role in body contouring surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2019 Aug 19;7(8):e2339. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000002339. PMID: 31592376; PMCID: PMC6756662.

XX. Biörserud C, Olbers T, Staalesen T, Elander A, Olsén MF. Understanding excess skin in postbariatric patients: objective measurements and subjective experiences. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2016 Aug;12(7):1410-1417. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2016.01.033. Epub 2016 Feb 2. PMID: 27178615.

XXI. Fagevik Olsén M, Gren S, Heydeck Sundberg S, Biörserud C. Physical activity with hindrances: a qualitative study of post bariatric patients’ experiences of physical activity in relation to excess skin. Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery. 2020;56(6):320–5.

XXII. Wagenblast AL, Laessoe L, Printzlau A. Self-reported problems and wishes for plastic surgery after bariatric surgery. J Plast Surg Hand Surg. 2014 Apr;48(2):115-21. DOI: 10.3109/2000656X.2013.822384. Epub 2013 Jul 23. PMID: 23879775.

XXIII. de Zwaan M, Georgiadou E, Stroh CE, Teufel M, Köhler H, Tengler M, Müller A. Body image and quality of life in patients with and without body contouring surgery following bariatric surgery: a comparison of pre- and post-surgery groups. Front Psychol. 2014 Nov 18;5:1310. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01310. PMID: 25477839; PMCID: PMC4235262.

XXIV. Williams GA, Hudson DL, Whisenhunt BL, Stone M, Heinberg LJ, Crowther JH. Short-term changes in affective, behavioral, and cognitive components of body image after bariatric surgery. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2018 Apr;14(4):521-526. DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2017.12.026. Epub 2018 Jan 6. PMID: 29428691.

XXV. Palma L, Marques LT, Bujan J, Rodrigues LM. Dietary water affects human skin hydration and biomechanics. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2015 Aug 3;8:413-21. DOI: 10.2147/CCID.S86822. PMID: 26345226; PMCID: PMC4529263.

XXVI. Stock MS, Olinghouse KD, Drusch AS, Mota JA, Hernandez JM, Akalonu CC, Thompson BJ. Evidence of muscular adaptations within four weeks of barbell training in women. Hum Mov Sci. 2016 Feb;45:7-22. DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2015.11.004. Epub 2015 Nov 14. PMID: 26583966.

XXVII. Andersen TR, Schmidt JF, Pedersen MT, Krustrup P, Bangsbo J. The effects of 52 weeks of soccer or resistance training on body composition and muscle function in +65-year-old healthy males--a randomized controlled trial. PLoS One. 2016 Feb 17;11(2):e0148236. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148236. PMID: 26886262; PMCID: PMC4757560.

XXVIII. Asserin J, Lati E, Shioya T, Prawitt J. The effect of oral collagen peptide supplementation on skin moisture and the dermal collagen network: evidence from an ex vivo model and randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2015 Dec;14(4):291-301. DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12174. Epub 2015 Sep 12. PMID: 26362110.

XXIX. Bolke L, Schlippe G, Gerß J, Voss W. A collagen supplement improves skin hydration, elasticity, roughness, and density: results of a randomized, placebo-controlled, blind study. Nutrients. 2019 Oct 17;11(10):2494. DOI: 10.3390/nu11102494. PMID: 31627309; PMCID: PMC6835901.

XXX. Draelos ZD, Diaz I, Cohen A, Mao J, Boyd T. A novel skin brightening topical technology. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2020 Dec;19(12):3280-3285. DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13741. Epub 2020 Oct 12. PMID: 32985076; PMCID: PMC7756285.

XXXI. Huang TH, Wang PW, Yang SC, Chou WL, Fang JY. Cosmetic and therapeutic applications of fish oil's fatty acids on the skin. Mar Drugs. 2018 Jul 30;16(8):256. DOI: 10.3390/md16080256. PMID: 30061538; PMCID: PMC6117694.

XXXII. van der Beek ESJ, Geenen R, de Heer FAG, van der Molen ABM, van Ramshorst B. Quality of life long-term after body contouring surgery following bariatric surgery: sustained improvement after 7 years. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2012 Nov;130(5):1133-1139. DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e318267d51d. PMID: 22777040.

XXXIII. Balagué N, Combescure C, Huber O, Pittet-Cuénod B, Modarressi A. Plastic surgery improves long-term weight control after bariatric surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2013 Oct;132(4):826-833. DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e31829fe531. PMID: 24076675.

XXXIV. American Society of Plastic Surgeons. Massive weight loss fuels surge in plastic surgery [Internet]. American Society of Plastic Surgeons. American Society of Plastic Surgeons; 2015 [cited 2023Mar30]. Available from: http://www.plasticsurgery.org/news/2015/massive-weight-loss-fuels-surge-in-plastic-surgery.html

XXXV. An outcomes analysis of patients undergoing body contouring surgery after massive weight loss. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2006;118:1026–31

XXXVI. Goltsman D, Munabi NCO, Ascherman JA. The Association between Smoking and Plastic Surgery Outcomes in 40,465 Patients: An Analysis of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Data Sets. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2017 Feb;139(2):503-511. DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000002958. PMID: 28121897.

XXXVII. Bloom JA, Erlichman Z, Foroutanjazi S, Beqiraj Z, Jonczyk MM, Persing SM, Chatterjee A. The Use of Hemostatic Agents to Decrease Bleeding Complications in General Plastic Surgery Procedures. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2021 Aug 19;9(8):e3744. DOI: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000003744. PMID: 34667700; PMCID: PMC8517290.

XXXVIII. Starnoni M, Pinelli M, Porzani S, Baccarani A, De Santis G. Standardization and Selection of High-risk Patients for Surgical Wound Infections in Plastic Surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2021 Mar 23;9(3):e3472. DOI: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000003472. PMID: 33907656; PMCID: PMC8062150.

XXXIX. Iverson RE, Gomez JL. Deep venous thrombosis: prevention and management. Clin Plast Surg. 2013 Jul;40(3):389-98. DOI: 10.1016/j.cps.2013.04.002. PMID: 23830747.

XL. Gravante G, Araco A, Sorge R, Araco F, Nicoli F, Caruso R, Langiano N, Cervelli V. Pulmonary embolism after combined abdominoplasty and flank liposuction: a correlation with the amount of fat removed. Ann Plast Surg. 2008 Jun;60(6):604-8. DOI: 10.1097/SAP.0b013e3181344470. PMID: 18520191.

XLI. Pannucci CJ, MacDonald JK, Ariyan S, Gutowski KA, Kerrigan CL, Kim JY, Chung KC. Benefits and Risks of Prophylaxis for Deep Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolus in Plastic Surgery: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Trials and Consensus Conference. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016 Feb;137(2):709-730. DOI: 10.1097/01.prs.0000475790.54231.28. PMID: 26818311.

XLII. Haeck PC, Swanson JA, Iverson RE, Schechter LS, Singer R, Basu CB, Damitz LA, Glasberg SB, Glassman LS, McGuire MF; ASPS Patient Safety Committee. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009 Oct;124(4 Suppl):6S-27S. DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181b8e880. Review.

XLIII. Boccara D, Chaouat M, Chatelain S, Dutot MC, Bekara F, Mimoun M, Serror K. Recommandations sur l antibioprophylaxie en chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique [Guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis in plastic, reconstructive, and aesthetic surgery]. Ann Chir Plast Esthet. 2020 Apr;65(2):178-179. French. DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2020.01.002. Epub 2020 Feb 8. PMID: 32046861.

XLIV. Mankowski P, Cherukupalli A, Slater K, Carr N. Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Plastic Surgery Correlation Between Practice and Evidence. Plast Surg (Oakv). 2021 May;29(2):132-138. DOI: 10.1177/2292550321997005. Epub 2021 Mar 2. PMID: 34026678; PMCID: PMC8120557.

XLV. AlAlwani I, AlTahoo H, Yaqoob F, Ahmed Ali F, Alekri S. The Impact of a Multidisciplinary Approach Protocol and Integrated Guidelines for Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Plastic Surgery Procedures. World J Plast Surg. 2021 Sep;10(3):54-62. DOI: 10.29252/wjps.10.3.54. PMID: 34912667; PMCID: PMC8662681.

XLVI. El-Khatib HA. A single stage liposuction and dermopexy for grade 3b and grade 4 pseudogynecomastia after massive weight loss: An observational study. Int J Surg. 2007 Jun;5(3):155-61. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2006.06.021. Epub 2006 Aug 14. PMID: 17509496.

XLVII. de Runz A, Colson T, Minetti C, Brix M, Pujo J, Gisquet H, Simon E. Liposuction-assisted medial brachioplasty after massive weight loss: An efficient procedure with a high functional benefit. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2015 Jan;135(1):74e-84e. DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000000845. PMID: 25539353.

XLVIII. Di Pietro V, Colicchia GM, Cervelli V, Gentile P. Arm Contouring After Massive Weight Loss: Liposuction-Assisted Brachioplasty Versus Standard Technique. J Cutan Aesthet Surg. 2018 Apr-Jun;11(2):73-78. DOI: 10.4103/JCAS.JCAS_102_17. PMID: 30210209; PMCID: PMC6128150.

XLIX. Di Pietro V, Colicchia GM, Cervelli V, Gentile P. Arm Contouring After Massive Weight Loss: Liposuction-Assisted Brachioplasty Versus Standard Technique. J Cutan Aesthet Surg. 2018 Apr-Jun;11(2):73-78. DOI: 10.4103/JCAS.JCAS_102_17. PMID: 30210209; PMCID: PMC6128150.

L. Sachs D, Sequeira Campos M, Murray J. Panniculectomy. [Updated 2022 May 6]. In: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2022 Jan-. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499822/

LI. Matarasso A, Matarasso DM, Matarasso EJ. Abdominoplasty: classic principles and technique. Clin Plast Surg. 2014 Oct;41(4):655-72. DOI: 10.1016/j.cps.2014.07.005. PMID: 25283453.

LII. Brower JP, Rubin JP. Abdominoplasty After Massive Weight Loss. Clin Plast Surg. 2020 Jul;47(3):389-396. DOI: 10.1016/j.cps.2020.03.006. Epub 2020 May 5. PMID: 32448475.

LIII. Gusenoff JA, Coon D, Rubin JP. Brachioplasty and concomitant procedures after massive weight loss: a statistical analysis from a prospective registry. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008 Aug;122(2):595-603. DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e31817d54a9. PMID: 18626379.

LIV. Chandawarkar RY, Lewis JM. 'Fish-incision' brachioplasty. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2006;59(5):521-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2005.04.035. PMID: 16749198.

LV. Mocquard C, Pluvy I, Chaput B, Hoogbergen MM, Watier E, Gandolfi S, Bertheuil N. Medial Thighplasty improves patient's quality of life after massive weight loss: a prospective multicentric study. Obes Surg. 2021 Nov;31(11):4985-4992. DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05654-w. Epub 2021 Aug 11. PMID: 34378158.

LVI. Bertheuil N, Thienot S, Chaput B, Varin A, Watier E. Quality-of-Life assessment after medial thighplasty in patients following massive weight loss. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2015 Jan;135(1):67e-73e. DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000000771. PMID: 25539352.

LVII. Lewis JR. The thigh lift. J Internat Coll Surgeons. 1957;27:330.

LVIII. Moreno CH, Neto HJ, Junior AH, Malheiros CA. Thighplasty after bariatric surgery: evaluation of lymphatic drainage in lower extremities. Obes Surg. 2008 Sep;18(9):1160-4. doi: DOI.1007/s11695-007-9400-z. Epub 2008 Jun 11. PMID: 18546051.

LIX. Bertheuil N, Duisit J, Bekara F, Watier E, Gandolfi S, Bergeat D. Risk factors for complications after J medial thighplasty following massive weight loss: a multivariate analysis of 94 consecutive Patients. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2021 Oct 1;148(4):540e-547e. DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000008386. PMID: 34550932.

LX. Bertheuil N, Carloni R, De Runz A, Herlin C, Girard P, Watier E, et al. Medial thighplasty: current concepts and practices. Annales de Chirurgie Plastique Esthétique. 2016;61(1).