Surgical Management of Budd-Chiari Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review of Techniques and Outcomes
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Abstract
Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a rare but life-threatening condition characterized by obstruction of hepatic venous outflow, leading to hepatic congestion, portal hypertension, and potential liver failure. While pharmacological and interventional approaches play a significant role in its management, surgical intervention remains a cornerstone for cases refractory to less invasive measures. This review explores the surgical strategies employed in the treatment of BCS, ranging from shunting procedures, such as portosystemic shunts, to advanced techniques like liver transplantation. Emphasis is placed on patient selection criteria, perioperative considerations, and long-term outcomes. Additionally, the evolving role of minimally invasive and hybrid approaches in this domain is analyzed. By synthesizing current evidence, this article aims to guide clinicians in optimizing the surgical care of BCS patients.
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